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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
(Oral Abstracts)Soy and Kidney Function
Soy Protein Effects on Renal Function In Type II Diabetic Men With Nephropathy
James W. Anderson, Belinda M. Smith, Jill Emmett, B.S.N.
VA Medical Center and University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.Renal disease is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Nearly one-third of diabetic individuals develop impaired renal function. Glomerular hyperfiltration occurs in early diabetes and is followed by microalbuminuria and decreased renal function. Once persistent proteinuria develops, diabetic nephropathy tends to follow a progressive downhill course. Low-protein diets slow deterioration of renal function. Some studies suggest that vegetable proteins may be less toxic and/or protective of kidney function. To compare effects of animal protein (AP) versus soy protein (SP) on kidney function, 8 men with non-insulin dependent diabetes and microalbuminuria or proteinuria (50-1000 mg/day) were recruited. After an 8-week run-in on a standard diabetic diet, subjects were admitted to a metabolic ward for baseline measures and randomization to either SP (0.8 gm protein/kg adj. body wt., 50% soy) or AP(0.8 gm protein/kg adj. body wt., 50% animal) diets. After one week, subjects were sent home with test food products, and followed twice monthly for 8 weeks, then re-admitted for follow-up measures. After a washout period the same cycle was repeated on the second diet. Assessments of renal function included BUN, serum creatinine, urine protein, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured by 99mTc-DPTA scanning.
Subjects averaged 42 g/day of protein from SP (beverage and meat alternative) or AP (milk and beef). With SP there were insignificant decreases in BUN (P=0.045) and serum creatinine (P=0.019) compared to AP. The decrease in GFR was greater with SP (-14 ml/min) than with AP (-4.5ml/dl) but these differences were not significant. Over the study period, no significant changes in urine protein excretion were seen with AP or SP. These observations suggest that soy protein compared to animal protein improves renal function in Type II diabetic individuals with nephropathy.
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