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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
(Oral Abstracts)Soy and Heart Disease :
Hypocholesterolemic Effects of SoyVariation in the Plasma Lipoprotein Response to Dietary Soy Protein in Normolipidemic Men
Karin Nilausen1, Hans Meinertz2
1University of Copenhagen, School of Medicine
2National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.We have previously shown that soy protein, compared to casein, decreases low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and increases high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in normalipidemic individuals. Presently, we have extended our study of dietary protein to effects on apolipoproteins (apo) apoB, apoAI, and apoAII. Nine normolipidemic male subjects consumed two liquid formula diets of identical composition except for the protein component which was either soy protein or casein. After one month on each diet, plasma levels of apoAI (p<0.01) and HDL-C (p<0.002) were increased, while plasma apoB (p<0.05) and LDL-apoB (p<0.05) were decreased by the soy protein diet. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, intermediate and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (IDL- and VLDL-C), and plasma apoAII were insignificantly affected. In a subset of five individuals, however, the soy protein diet reduced LDL-C 21% (p), LDL-apoB by 20% (p<0.02), and IDL-C by 17% (p<0.005), while HDL-C was increased by 11% (p<0.02) and plasma apoAI by 11% (<0.05). In another subset of three subjects, soy protein had insignificant effects on LDL and IDL, but increased HDL-C by 18% (p<0.01) and plasma apoAI by 14% (P<0.02). In one subject, the differential response to dietary soy protein was a decrease of LDL-C by 11% (p), while neither HDL-C nor apoAI were significantly affected, possibly due to an increase in VLDL-triglyceride by 55% (p<0.01). In conclusion, we have identified three types of response to dietary soy protein: one, which involved a majority of the normolipidemic subjects, consisted of favorable effects on both atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins. The second type involved only the anti-atherogenic factors. HDL-C and plasma apoAI levels, which were increased. A third type of response, observed in one individual, consisted of a lowering of the atherogenic LDL, while anti-atherogenic lipoproteins remained unchanged.
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