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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
(Oral Abstracts)Soy and Heart Disease :
Hypocholesterolemic Effects of SoyTreatment of hypercholesterolemia in children by diet using soy protein
K. Widhalm, Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Vienna, Austria.It is generally accepted that elevated LDL- concentrations, which are followed in most times by elevated serum cholesterol levels, are associated with increased risk for later cardiovascular diseases. Therefore it seems justified to find out those children with elevated LDL-C levels and treat them primarily by means of intake to max.30% of energy intake, by means of mainly reducing saturated fats. These diet-programs usually do not reduce LDL-C more than 10%, thus, many of those children remain in thewhich is considered to a later risk. On the other hand it should be emphazised that in 1992 the American Academy of Pediatrics issued recommendations that an optimal diet should not contain more than 30% fat and at maximum 10 % saturated fat for all children. Obviously this is a very strict goal and it is has been looked whether this goal can be reached without taking in account the risk for malnutrition and growth problems in some subgroups of growing children and adolescents. Recent data from the DISC-Study show that it is possible to treat children with elevated LDL-Chol levels by means of diets containg less than 30% of fat, however the cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol lowering effects even after 3 years of treatment are very small compared to controlls (3.2 mg/dl).
It is generally accepted that children with a genetic defect of lipoprotein metabolism such as familial hyprocholesterolemia or Apob-100 disease, should be treated as early as possible in order to decrease the later risk for development of cardiovascular diseases.
It is interesting that there no real attempts published to modify the other dietary components, such as proteins or complex carbohydrates in order to achieve a maximum of cholesterol lowering effects, without reducing HDL-particles in the treatment of pediatric patients with lipoprotein disorders.
In the last years only few attemps have been published to substitute plant proteins for animal proteins. Therefore we compared a soy protein-substituted low fat, low cholesterol diet in 23 children with familial or polygenic hypercholesterolemia. The soy-diet contained approximately 20 g soy protein isolate which has been mixed into usual food such as additives for vegetables, carbohydrates, etc. During the standard diet cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol decreased only by 8% and 7% whereas, in the soybean substituted group the reduction was by 16% and 22% respectively. The significant different reduction in the soy bean group appeared also, when the groups where switched over after a break of a usual diet (cross-over study). Due to the fact that even in childhood cholesterol-lowering drugs shoudld be avoided as long as possible, protein modification using soy proteins, should be more used in order to achieve considerable reductions of serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in children and adolescents.Soy Symposium Home http://soyfoods.com/symposium/
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