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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM
(Oral Abstracts)Use of Soy Proteins in Cholelithiasis Prevention
Catala I.(1,2), Juste C.(1), Benfiguig K.(3), Ruskone-Fourmestraux A.(3), B. Guy-Grand E.(4), Bornet F.(2), Corring T.(1)
(1) LEPSD, INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
(2) Nutrition and Health Service, Eridania Béghin-Say Vilvoorde Research Center, Vilvoorde, Belgium
(3) Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
(4) Service de Nutrition, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
The pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones (or cholelithiasis) is related to the crystallization of biliary cholesterol. Diet is thought to be one of the factors involved in gallstone formation. Our study represents the first attempt in demonstrating a close relationship between the origin of dietary proteins and cholesterol crystallization from bile in healthy volunteers.
For this purpose, 12 healthy young men aged 29.1+/-1.6 years, BMI=22.7 +/- 0.9 kg/m2, who had no gallstones as shown by ultrasonography participated to a cross-over design protocol. The subjects were fed an isocaloric diet where proteins were either mainly from animal origin or mainly from soya origin for 2 two-week periods separated by a 2-week interval on their usual diets. Body weight was measured, at the end of each dietary period, and after an overnight fast, samples of duodenal bile and blood were taken in order to evaluate whether the origin of dietary proteins could have influenced the propensity of bile to crystallize biliary cholesterol and biliary factors implicated in this process.
No significant changes in the subjects' body weight and caloric intakes were observed during the 6 weeks of experimental protocol. Total biliary lipids and biliary cholesterol saturation were not influenced by the protein origin, but cholesterol crystallization was retarded ( +4 days) and decreased ( -0.26mg crystalize cholesterol/ml bile at equilibrium) with soy proteins compared to animal proteins. Among the intrinsic factors of bile which are possibly responsible for preventing cholesterol precipitation (biliary proteins, molecular species of biliary lecithins and bile acids), the proportion of ursodeoxycholic acid (a bile acid currently used for gallstone dissolution) was shown to be doubled with the soy protein diet. This could partly explain the delay in biliary cholesterol crystallization observed with the soy protein diet.
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