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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
POSTER ABSTRACTSDietary soy supplementation increases vaginal cytology maturation index and bone mineral content in postmenopausal women.
Dalais FS1,2, Rice GE2, Bell RJ2, Murkies AL3, Medley G4, Strauss BJG5, and Wahlqvist ML1.
1 Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; 2 Perinatal Research Centre, Royal Womenís Hospital, Grattan Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; 3 Jean Hailes Foundation, Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; 4 Victorian Cytology Service, Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; 5 Body Composition Laboratory, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
The hypothesis to be tested was that an increased dietary consumption of phytoestrogens (PE) alleviate the symptoms of the menopause (e.g. decreases hot flush rate, improves vaginal cytology, reduces loss of bone mineral density and loss of bone mineral content). In this double blind, randomised, placebo controlled cross over study, 52 postmenopausal women were divided into four groups: soy (high PE - 45g/day of soy grits) vs wheat (low PE - 45g/day of wheat kibble), linseed (high PE - 45g/day of linseed) vs wheat. Hot flushes, vaginal cytology, bone mineral density and bone mineral content were assessed over two twelve week periods. Subjects in the high PE group had significantly higher urinary PE excretion compared to those in the low PE group (p<0.001). A significant improvement in vaginal cytology was observed in the soy group (pre diet maturation index=16 vs post diet maturation index=33, n=17, (p=0.03)). Also observed, was a significant increase in bone mineral content in the soy group (pre diet=2573g vs post diet=2713g, n=22, (p=0.03)). There was a significant decrease in hot flush rate over time in both the linseed and both the wheat groups. For soy (pre diet=5.06 flushes/day, 6 weeks of diet=4.09 flushes/day, 12 weeks of diet=3.93 flushes/day, n=19, (not significant)); vs wheat (pre diet=5.06 flushes/day, 6 weeks of diet=3.26 flushes/day, 12 weeks of diet=2.97 flushes/day, n=21, (p=0.01)). For linseed (pre diet=5.75 flushes/day, 6 weeks of diet=3.66 flushes/day, 12 weeks of diet=3.39 flushes/day, n=21, (p=0.02)); vs wheat (pre diet=5.75 flushes/day, 6 weeks of diet=2.92 flushes/day, 12 weeks of diet=2.34 flushes/day, n=20, (p=0.003)). These results support the hypothesis that soy PE improve vaginal cytology. To our knowledge, this is the first study in humans to demonstrate an improvement in bone mineral content with increased soy intake. The decrease in hot flushes in the wheat group but not in the soy group cannot be attributable to a placebo effect nor to PE measured in this study.
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