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SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
ON THE ROLE OF SOY
IN PREVENTING AND TREATING CHRONIC DISEASESeptember 15-18, 1996
Brussells, Belgium
POSTER ABSTRACTSGenetic Modification of Seed Storage Proteins in Soybean.
Keisuke Kitamura
Department of Plant Breeding, National Agriculture Research Center, Japan
Soybeans are the most economical source of protein for human foods and the animal industry. Recently, evidence of the cholesterol-lowering properties of soy proteins has been accumulating. The 7S and 11S globulins are two major soy proteins, accounting for about 70% if the total seed protein. The two globulins show considerable differences in nutrititional and food processing properties, and may differ in the cholesterol-lowering effect of soy proteins. The 7S globulin is composed of a, a' and B subunits. On the other hand, the 11S globulin is composed of the group-I (A1aB2, A1bB1b, A2B1a), A3B4 and A4A5B3 subunits. So far, several mutants that lack a, a' all the group-I, A3B4 and A4A5B3 subunits, respectively have been detected. The abscence of the subunits has been shown to be controlled by respective single recessive alleles. It has become possible to produce new soybean varities and lines with markedly modified protein compositions ranging from extremely high to extremely low 7S:11S ratios using mutant genes for the subunits of the two globulins. They would not only display improved nu-tritional quality and food processing characteristics but also modified medicinal effects, and could be effectively used as reseaerch materials to find clues on the mechanism of the cholesterol-lowering effect of soy proteins.
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